Wesley ernest john



W. E. JOHN.

EXPLUSIVE TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED APR.4. ISE. 1,806,1 13. Pamedgune 1o, 1919.

*I E YS N i ,En

Inventor W E, John Illlllll' mnima ummm-mm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WESLEY ERNEST JOHN, OF RICHMOND, ENGLAND.

EXPLOSIVE-'IURBINE.

Application led April 4, 1918.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, WESLEY ERNEST J oHN, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 13 Marlborough road, Richmond, in the county of Surrey, England, have invented certain nen7 and useful Improvements in Explosive- Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to explosive turbines of that type in which the charges are conveyed to and fired in the combustion chamber or chambers, intermittently; such chamber or chambers being in communication with the blades or pockets of the turbine.

The object of this invention is to provide a novel design which shall overcome various defects encountered in the operation of the above mentioned type.

The charging device and rotor may run synchronously or, if desired, the speed of the charging device may be reduced through suitable gearing.

In some cases it may be found desirable to so choose the number and arrangement of the charge pockets and combustion chambers, that a number may be fired simultaneously, preferably at symmetrically arranged positions on the face of the stator. It will be noticed that in the construction subsequently described, the thrust tending to force the rotor from the face of the stator may be counteracted by the force of the eX- plosion tending to force the charging device from contact with the stator.

The surfaces of the charging device and stator exposed to the explosion may be proteeted by a suitable refractory covering such as asbestos, and a similar material may be arranged to form a suitable packing around the charge pocket to preventthe escape of the explosive charge. For the same purpose a casing adapted to envelop the charging device and its connection to the driving shaft may be provided. Such casing may include arrangements for thrust bearings to take the pressure due to the explosions, and the free space in the interior of the casing may be maintained at a pressure equal to that of the incoming charge.

Suitable means for cooling by air or Water, or both mav be provided in connection with all parts of the turbine.

there a vapor, such as a mixture of petrol and air is used al fuel, it should be supplied under pressure. When the fuel is in- Specification of Letters Patent` Patented J une 10, 1919.

Serial No. 226.675.

jected, the air supply must be under pressure.

The requisite pressure may be supplied by a pump which may be driven from the turbine.

If desired, a scavenging port may be located in the stator, in proximity to the ex-1 haust port, so that they are both covered at the saine time by the charge pocket. If, as above mentioned, the exhaust is directed through the rotor blades, the pressure of the scavenging charge will go to assist in the propulsion of the turbine.

Should the turbine be used in a position such as in an aeroplane, the pressure suppl v might be drawn from the front of the machine where the pressure is greatest. and the exhaust from the turbine might be led to a position whore the exhaust pressure might be beneficial to the lift or propulsion of the aircraft. It will be understood that in another form of the invention the parts described above stator and rotor might be formed to become the rotor and the stator.

An elnbodiment of the invention is illustrated, by Way of example, in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1, is a side view partly in section of an explosion turbine with its accessory pump and carburetor,

Fig. Q is a view in elevation in the direction of the arrow, of the stator, and

F ig. 3 is a section of the charging device, stator and rotor on the line 3-3 of Figs. 1 and 2.

In the drawings, 1 represents the main frame of the turbine, with bearings 2 and Q, in which is arranged to rotate the shaft 3 on which the rotor 4 with blades or vanes 5 is mounted, and on which also the charging device 6 provided With pockets 7, 7, 7h, "c, 7d and 7B, is alsoseoured. The stator S rigidly secured to the main frame 1. is provided With a. plurality of-combustion chambers 9, 9, 9b, 9C, 9d, 9e and 9f, into each of Which a passage 10 indicated in dotted lines and serving to accommodate a sparking plug. opens, and from each of which a nozzle extends as indicated in dotted lines by 11 and 11. In the stator also is provided a duct 12 communicating by Way of the passage 13 with the fluid supply pipe 14 attached to the carburetor 15 into which a liquid fuel is admitted by way of the pipe 16 and air by way of the pipe 17 from the pump 18 which is driven by the gear Wheels 19 and 20 from the shaft 21 which in turn is driven through the spur wheel 22 'from the pinion 23 mounted on the turbine shaft. This duct also communicates by way of the passages Q4 with the pockets in the charging device as, in the rotation of the Charging disk` they are brought opposite these pas- .f\ duct 25 arranged in the stator communicates by way ot the branch pipe 2G with the air pump and by way of ports 22T-27 with the pockets in the charging device as they are caused to pass over these passages. The stator is also perforated with passages 0r ports 28--28 which when a pocket in the charging disk is brought opposite an air passage QT permits the gases contained in the pocket to be blown out by the air entering the pocket by way of the port 27, and thus enables a scavenging effect to be obtained. At the back of the charging device and between it and a suitably formed cover plate :29, a thrust bearing 30 may he pro vided, and for leading away the exhaust gases a casing 3l may be provided as indi.- cated in sectional line in Fig. 1.

The charging device G is provided with pockets 7, 7a. 7", 7C, 7 and 7e, that is to say with six charging pockets while the stator is provided with seven combustion chambers, the position of these charging pockets in relation to the combustion chembers is indicated in Fig. Q where the charging pockets 7" to 7d are indicated in dotted line, the pocket 7 being in position over the combustion chamber, 9.

The operation of the turbine illustrated may be described as follows The pocket 7 having passed over the port 2-1- and having thus received a charge of working Huid under :i suitable pressure will have conveyed the charge to the combustion chamber 9 and after the charge has been fired will pass over the ports 27 and 28 whereby the residua-l gases will be blown ont by the air admitted by the port 27. As this pocket is traveling toward the ports 27-28, the pocket 7e will register with the chamber 9 and the charge therein will be ignited while at the saine time the pocket "id will have received a charge of gas and will be traveling toward the chamber il which will be the next chamber in which an explosion will be eli'ected, after which explosions will take place in 9, D", 9, S, and again in S) sind so on.

As will be seen, one effect of the ignition oi the working fluid will be to tend to force the rotor to the right and the charging device to the left, the result being that these forces will balance one another.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. An explosion turbine comprising a` stator provided with combustion chambers terminating in discharge nozzles, with ducts for receiving the working l'luid and discharging the same through suitable ports and with ducts for a scavenging gas current, a rotor provided with means whereby the gas issning from the combustion chambers by way of the discharge nozzles eiiccts the rotation of the rotor. and a charging device adapted to receive charges of working fiuid Vfrom the working inid duct-s in the stator and to convey the same to the combustion chainbers and to communicate with the ducts Jfor the scavengingl gas currents after each working Huid charge so conveyed has been ignited.

An explosion turbine ctnnprising a stator provided with a plurality of combustion chambers terminating in discharge nozzles. with ducts for receiving the working iinid and discharging the same through suitable ports, and with ducts for scavenging ges current, e rotor provided with means whereby the gas issuing from the combustion chambers by way of the discharge nozzles effects the rotation of the rotor. and a meniber adapted to rotate co-aXially with the rotor, pockets in seid members, said pockets being arranged to register with the working Huid discharge ports, to convey the working Huid from such ports to the combustion chamber, :ind to register with the scavenging ducts after the charge so conveyed has been ignited.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WESLEY ERNEST JOHN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

